toll

英 [təʊl]

美 [toʊl]

n.  (道路、桥梁的)通行费; (战争、灾难等造成的)毁坏; 伤亡人数; (缓慢而有规律的)钟声
v.  (缓慢而有规律地)敲(钟); (尤指)鸣(丧钟)

复数：tolls　过去式：tolled　现在分词：tolling　第三人称单数：tolls　过去分词：tolled　

考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM8

Collins.2 / BNC.6043 / COCA.4599

习惯用语

n.

take a heavy toll (on sb/sth)take its toll (on sb/sth)
• 产生恶果；造成重大损失（或伤亡、灾难等）
  to have a bad effect on sb/sth; to cause a lot of damage, deaths, suffering, etc.
• Illness had taken a heavy toll on her.
  疾病对她的身体造成极大的损害。
• The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets.
  经济衰退使住房市场遭受着重大损失。

牛津词典

noun

• （道路、桥梁的）通行费
  money that you pay to use a particular road or bridge
  1. motorway tolls
     高速公路通行费
  2. a toll road/bridge
     收费道路 / 桥梁
• （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏；伤亡人数
  the amount of damage or the number of deaths and injuries that are caused in a particular war, disaster, etc.
  1. The official death toll has now reached 7 000.
     官方公布的死亡人数现已达7 000人。
  2. the war's growing casualty toll
     不断增长的战争伤亡人数
• （缓慢而有规律的）钟声
  the sound of a bell ringing with slow regular strokes
• 长途电话费
  a charge for a telephone call that is calculated at a higher rate than a local call

verb

• （缓慢而有规律地）敲（钟）；（尤指）鸣（丧钟）
  when a bell tolls or sb tolls it, it is rung slowly many times, especially as a sign that sb has died
  1. The Abbey bell tolled for those killed in the war.
     大教堂为战争中的死难者鸣钟。
  2. The bell tolled the hour.
     鸣钟报时。
  3. The revolution tolled the death knell (= signalled the end) for the Russian monarchy.
     那场革命敲响了俄国君主制的丧钟。

柯林斯词典

• V-ERG (缓慢反复地)敲(钟)，鸣(丧钟);(钟)鸣响
  When a belltollsor when someonetollsit, it rings slowly and repeatedly, often as a sign that someone has died.
  1. Church bells tolled and black flags fluttered...
     教堂丧钟敲响，黑色的旗帜飘动。
  2. The pilgrims tolled the bell.
     朝圣者缓缓敲响了钟。
• (桥梁、道路的)通行费
  Atollis a small sum of money that you have to pay in order to use a particular bridge or road.
• (公路、桥梁的)收费
  Atollroad ortollbridge is a road or bridge where you have to pay in order to use it.
• See also:There are fears that the casualty toll may be higher.…the second highest annual murder toll in that city's history.death toll
• PHRASE 造成恶果(或不利影响、痛苦等)
  If you say that somethingtakesitstollortakes a heavy toll, you mean that it has a bad effect or causes a lot of suffering.
  1. Winter takes its toll on your health...
     冬天对健康不利。
  2. Higher fuel prices took their toll.
     燃料提价产生了恶果。
  3. …a high exchange rate took a heavy toll on industry.
     高汇率使工业蒙受了严重损失。

英英释义

noun

• value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something
  1. the cost in human life was enormous
  2. the price of success is hard work
  3. what price glory?
  Synonym:pricecost
• the sound of a bell being struck
  1. saved by the bell
  2. she heard the distant toll of church bells
  Synonym:bell
• a fee levied for the use of roads or bridges (used for maintenance)

verb

• ring slowly
  1. For whom the bell tolls
• charge a fee for using
  1. Toll the bridges into New York City

双语例句

• The food, fuel and financial crises, however, have taken a heavy toll.
  粮食，燃料和金融危机，但是，已经采取了沉重的代价。
• Abstract: toll Plaza on highway has seriously influenced on highway operation and management.
  文摘：收费广场的设立对高速公路运营和管理构成了严重的影响。
• The Iraq and Afghanistan wars took a heavy toll on national self-confidence.
  伊拉克和阿富汗战争沉重地打击了英国的民族自信心。
• Official reports put the death toll at under one hundred, but unofficial estimates speak of at least two hundred dead.
  官方报道说死亡人数在100人以下，但非官方估计至少有200人死亡。
• The crisis has taken a toll on quoted and private newspaper groups.
  危机让上市和私人所有的报业集团都付出了代价。
• 'It's almost eight o'clock.' As if on cue the bell in the chapel began to toll for Matins.
  “快8点了。”恰好在这时小教堂晨祷的钟声敲响了。
• Winter takes its toll on your health
  冬天对健康不利。
• There are fears that the casualty toll may be higher.
  有人担心伤亡总数可能会更高。
• Tobacco's death toll has accelerated.
  烟草死亡的人数增多了。
• And it's starting to take a toll on me and the kids.
  现在已经影响到我和孩子们了。